<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipvenich, A</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Low self-esteem: Myth or Reality?</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Focus on the Basics</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult Education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05/2006</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncsall.net/index.php?id=1105</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">National Center for the Study of Adult Learning and Literacy</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;
	Adult basic education (ABE) students&amp;#39; self-esteem is a surprisingly under investigated subject. Many researchers assert that high self-esteem is a crucial component in achieving positive results in the adult literacy classroom, and that a lack thereof is among the biggest deterrents to participation in adult education (McGivney, 2001; Beder, 1990; Valentine &amp;amp; Darkenwald, 1990; Hayes &amp;amp; Darkenwald, 1988; Scanlan, 1986). Scanlan (1986) provided a review of the literature on barriers to participation in the adult literacy classroom, and named lack of self-confidence as one of the six major categories of deterrents. Results of several of Quigley&amp;#39;s (1997) studies confirm the finding that a lack of confidence appears to be a major deterrent, and usually relates to a negative attitude towards school in general. McGivney (2001) notes that a key issue in increasing learners&amp;#39; participation in adult literacy classrooms is helping students see themselves not as academic failures but as successful learners. Quigley (1997) and Scanlan (1986) use self-confidence as a synonym for self-esteem. Self-schema, self-attitude, self-worth, self-efficacy, and self-perception are among other terms sometimes used to describe this broad theoretical entity (Vygotsky, 1991; Schafer &amp;amp; Keith, 1999; Marsh, 1990).&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">B</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></work-type><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;
	Research discussing understanding self-esteem level of adult literacy education students.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></notes><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></section></record></records></xml>